Adjusting energy level alignment between HTL and CsPbI<sub>2</sub>Br to improve solar cell efficiency

Zihan Zhang; Jia Li; Zhimin Fang; Haipeng Xie; Yongbo Yuan; Chuantian Zuo; Liming Ding; Bin Yang

doi:10.1088/1674-4926/42/3/030501

J. Semicond. > 2021, Volume 42?>?Issue 3?> 030501

SHORT COMMUNICATION

Adjusting energy level alignment between HTL and CsPbI₂Br to improve solar cell efficiency

Zihan Zhang^{1, 2}, Jia Li¹, Zhimin Fang², Haipeng Xie³, Yongbo Yuan³, Chuantian Zuo², Liming Ding^2, and Bin Yang^1,

+ Author Affiliations

1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
2. Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS), Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
3. Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, College of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

Author Bio:

Zihan Zhang is currently a graduate student at Hunan University under the supervision of Professor Bin Yang, and he was a joint student under supervision of Professor Liming Ding in National Center for Nanoscience and Technology in 2020. His research focuses on all-inorganic perovskite solar cells.

Jia Li received his PhD degree in 2019 from Hunan University. Then he joined Professor Bin Yang’s group as a postdoc. His research focuses on all-inorganic perovskite materials and devices.

Liming Ding got his PhD from University of Science and Technology of China (was a joint student at Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS). He started his research on OSCs and PLEDs in Olle Ingan?s Lab in 1998. Later on, he worked at National Center for Polymer Research, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base and Argonne National Lab (USA). He joined Konarka as a Senior Scientist in 2008. In 2010, he joined National Center for Nanoscience and Technology as a full professor. His research focuses on functional materials and devices. He is RSC Fellow, the nominator for Xplorer Prize, and the Associate Editors for Science Bulletin and Journal of Semiconductors.

Bin Yang is a professor in College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University. He obtained his PhD from University of Nebraska-Lincoln. He conducted postdoctoral research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. His research focuses on functional materials and devices.

Corresponding author: Liming Ding, ding@nanoctr.cn; Bin Yang, yangb1@hnu.edu.cn

DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/42/3/030501

References

[1]	Burschka J, Pellet N, Moon S, et al. Sequential deposition as a route to high-performan perovskite-sensitized solar cells. Nature, 2013, 499, 316 doi: 10.1038/nature12340
[2]	Stranks S, Eperon G, Grancini G, et al. Electron-hole diffusion lengths exceeding 1 micrometer in an organometal trihalide perovskite absorber. Science, 2013, 342, 341 doi: 10.1126/science.1243982
[3]	Dong Q, Fang Y, Shao Y, et al. Electron-hole diffusion lengths >175 μm in solution-grown CH₃NH₃PbI₃ single crystals. Science, 2015, 347, 967 doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5760
[4]	Green M, Dunlop E, Hohl-Ebinger J, et al. Solar cell efficiency tables (version 56). Prog Photovoltaics, 2020, 28, 629 doi: 10.1002/pip.3303
[5]	Jia X, Zuo C, Tao S, et al. CsPb(I_xBr_{1– x})₃ solar cells. Sci Bull, 2019, 64, 1532 doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.08.017
[6]	Marronnier A, Roma G, Boyer-Richard S, et al. Anharmonicity and disorder in the black phases of cesium lead iodide used for stable inorganic perovskite solar cells. ACS Nano, 2018, 12, 3477 doi: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00267
[7]	Xiang S, Fu Z, Li W, et al. Highly air-stable carbon-based α-CsPbI₃ perovskite solar cells with a broadened optical spectrum. ACS Energy Lett, 2018, 3, 1824 doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00820
[8]	Fang Z, Meng X, Zuo C, et al. Interface engineering gifts CsPbI_2.25Br_0.75 solar cells high performance. Sci Bull, 2019, 64, 1743 doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.09.023
[9]	Liu C, Li W, Zhang C, et al. All-inorganic CsPbI₂Br perovskite solar cells with high efficiency exceeding 13%. J Am Chem Soc, 2018, 140, 3825 doi: 10.1021/jacs.7b13229
[10]	Zeng Q, Liu L, Xiao Z, et al. A two-terminal all-inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cell. Sci Bull, 2019, 64, 885 doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.05.015
[11]	Zhou L, Guo X, Lin Z, et al. Interface engineering of low temperature processed all-inorganic CsPbI₂Br perovskite solar cells toward PCE exceeding 14%. Nano Energy, 2019, 60, 583 doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.03.081
[12]	Rao H, Ye S, Gu F, et al. Morphology controlling of all-inorganic perovskite at low temperature for efficient rigid and flexible solar cells. Adv Energy Mater, 2018, 8, 1800758 doi: 10.1002/aenm.201800758
[13]	Gao Y, Dong Y, Huang K, et al. Highly efficient, solution-processed CsPbI₂Br planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells via flash annealing. ACS Photonics, 2018, 5, 4104 doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00783
[14]	Suarez B, Gonzalez-Pedro V, Ripolles T, et al. Recombination study of combined halides (Cl, Br, I) perovskite solar cells. J Phys Chem Lett, 2014, 5, 1628 doi: 10.1021/jz5006797
[15]	Tress W, Marinova N, Inganas O, et al. Predicting the open-circuit voltage of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite solar cells using electroluminescence and photovoltaic quantum efficiency spectra: The role of radiative and non-radiative recombination. Adv Energy Mater, 2015, 5, 1400812 doi: 10.1002/aenm.201400812
[16]	Wang Q, Bi C, Huang J. Doped hole transport layer for efficiency enhancement in planar heterojunction organolead trihalide perovskite solar cells. Nano Energy, 2015, 15, 275 doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.04.029
[17]	Kim Y, Jung E, Kim G, et al. Sequentially fluorinated PTAA polymers for enhancing V_OC of high-performance perovskite solar cells. Adv Energy Mater, 2018, 8, 1801668 doi: 10.1002/aenm.201801668
[18]	Ran J, Yuan P, Xie H, et al. Triphenylamine-polystyrene blends for perovskite solar cells with simultaneous energy loss suppression and stability improvement. Sol RRL, 2020, 4, 2000490 doi: 10.1002/solr.202000490
[19]	Meng L, Sun C, Wang R, et al. Tailored phase conversion under conjugated polymer enables thermally stable perovskite solar cells with efficiency exceeding 21%. J Am Chem Soc, 2018, 140, 17255 doi: 10.1021/jacs.8b10520
[20]	Yan L, Xue Q, Liu M, et al. Interface engineering for all-inorganic CsPbI₂Br perovskite solar cells with efficiency over 14%. Adv Mater, 2018, 30, 1802509 doi: 10.1002/adma.201802509

Fig. 1. (Color online) (a) The device structure and chemical structures for PTAA and PVK. (b) Cross-sectional SEM image of the device. (c) J–V curves for the solar cells with pristine PTAA and PTAA (7.5% PVK). (d) Transient photocurrent measurements for the solar cells. (e) UPS spectra for pristine PTAA and PTAA (7.5% PVK). (f) The energy level diagram.

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[1]	Burschka J, Pellet N, Moon S, et al. Sequential deposition as a route to high-performan perovskite-sensitized solar cells. Nature, 2013, 499, 316 doi: 10.1038/nature12340
[2]	Stranks S, Eperon G, Grancini G, et al. Electron-hole diffusion lengths exceeding 1 micrometer in an organometal trihalide perovskite absorber. Science, 2013, 342, 341 doi: 10.1126/science.1243982
[3]	Dong Q, Fang Y, Shao Y, et al. Electron-hole diffusion lengths >175 μm in solution-grown CH₃NH₃PbI₃ single crystals. Science, 2015, 347, 967 doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5760
[4]	Green M, Dunlop E, Hohl-Ebinger J, et al. Solar cell efficiency tables (version 56). Prog Photovoltaics, 2020, 28, 629 doi: 10.1002/pip.3303
[5]	Jia X, Zuo C, Tao S, et al. CsPb(I_xBr_{1– x})₃ solar cells. Sci Bull, 2019, 64, 1532 doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.08.017
[6]	Marronnier A, Roma G, Boyer-Richard S, et al. Anharmonicity and disorder in the black phases of cesium lead iodide used for stable inorganic perovskite solar cells. ACS Nano, 2018, 12, 3477 doi: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00267
[7]	Xiang S, Fu Z, Li W, et al. Highly air-stable carbon-based α-CsPbI₃ perovskite solar cells with a broadened optical spectrum. ACS Energy Lett, 2018, 3, 1824 doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00820
[8]	Fang Z, Meng X, Zuo C, et al. Interface engineering gifts CsPbI_2.25Br_0.75 solar cells high performance. Sci Bull, 2019, 64, 1743 doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.09.023
[9]	Liu C, Li W, Zhang C, et al. All-inorganic CsPbI₂Br perovskite solar cells with high efficiency exceeding 13%. J Am Chem Soc, 2018, 140, 3825 doi: 10.1021/jacs.7b13229
[10]	Zeng Q, Liu L, Xiao Z, et al. A two-terminal all-inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cell. Sci Bull, 2019, 64, 885 doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.05.015
[11]	Zhou L, Guo X, Lin Z, et al. Interface engineering of low temperature processed all-inorganic CsPbI₂Br perovskite solar cells toward PCE exceeding 14%. Nano Energy, 2019, 60, 583 doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.03.081
[12]	Rao H, Ye S, Gu F, et al. Morphology controlling of all-inorganic perovskite at low temperature for efficient rigid and flexible solar cells. Adv Energy Mater, 2018, 8, 1800758 doi: 10.1002/aenm.201800758
[13]	Gao Y, Dong Y, Huang K, et al. Highly efficient, solution-processed CsPbI₂Br planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells via flash annealing. ACS Photonics, 2018, 5, 4104 doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00783
[14]	Suarez B, Gonzalez-Pedro V, Ripolles T, et al. Recombination study of combined halides (Cl, Br, I) perovskite solar cells. J Phys Chem Lett, 2014, 5, 1628 doi: 10.1021/jz5006797
[15]	Tress W, Marinova N, Inganas O, et al. Predicting the open-circuit voltage of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite solar cells using electroluminescence and photovoltaic quantum efficiency spectra: The role of radiative and non-radiative recombination. Adv Energy Mater, 2015, 5, 1400812 doi: 10.1002/aenm.201400812
[16]	Wang Q, Bi C, Huang J. Doped hole transport layer for efficiency enhancement in planar heterojunction organolead trihalide perovskite solar cells. Nano Energy, 2015, 15, 275 doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.04.029
[17]	Kim Y, Jung E, Kim G, et al. Sequentially fluorinated PTAA polymers for enhancing V_OC of high-performance perovskite solar cells. Adv Energy Mater, 2018, 8, 1801668 doi: 10.1002/aenm.201801668
[18]	Ran J, Yuan P, Xie H, et al. Triphenylamine-polystyrene blends for perovskite solar cells with simultaneous energy loss suppression and stability improvement. Sol RRL, 2020, 4, 2000490 doi: 10.1002/solr.202000490
[19]	Meng L, Sun C, Wang R, et al. Tailored phase conversion under conjugated polymer enables thermally stable perovskite solar cells with efficiency exceeding 21%. J Am Chem Soc, 2018, 140, 17255 doi: 10.1021/jacs.8b10520
[20]	Yan L, Xue Q, Liu M, et al. Interface engineering for all-inorganic CsPbI₂Br perovskite solar cells with efficiency over 14%. Adv Mater, 2018, 30, 1802509 doi: 10.1002/adma.201802509